As photovoltaic (PV) systems become more widespread, ensuring their safety and reliability is essential, especially in preventing lightning and surge interference. Low Voltage Surge Protection Device (SPD) play a critical role in PV systems by reducing the risk of equipment damage. Here are some important considerations for applying SPD in PV systems.

Ⅰ. Selection of SPD

PV systems have relatively high DC voltages, so it’s essential to choose SPD  that match the system’s voltage level. Ensure that the Voltage Protection Rating (VPR) of the SPD meets the safety requirements of the equipment. Pay special attention to the differences between DC and AC SPD.

Ⅱ. Installation Location of SPD

The installation location of the SPD is crucial; it should be as close as possible to key equipment like inverters and controllers. Additionally, SPD need to be installed at the equipment input to ensure that surges are suppressed before reaching the devices.

The proper design and installation of the grounding system in a PV system contribute to the effective performance of the SPD. It’s recommended to use a low-impedance grounding system to ensure that surge currents can be quickly dissipated, reducing the impact on the system.

Ⅳ. Regular Maintenance and Inspection

To maintain the effectiveness of SPD, regular inspections and maintenance are necessary. After stormy seasons, promptly replace any aged or failed SPDs to ensure the safe operation of the PV system.

With proper surge protector selection, installation, and maintenance, the surge resistance of PV systems can be significantly enhanced, extending their lifespan and ensuring stable operation.